Indonesia
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Economy Detail
1. Laws of Metrology
The act concerning Legal Metrology is Legal Metrology Act No. 2, 1981. Based on this act, the government issued:
- Government Decree No.2, 1985 concerning Measuring Instruments Subject to Verification;
- Government Decree No. 26, 1986 concerning Fee for Verification and Type/Pattern Approval;
- Government Decree No. 10, 1987 concerning Legal Units of Measurement;
- Government Decree No.2, 1989 concerning National Standards (Physical Quantities);
- President Decree No. 13,1997 concerning National Standardization Body (BSN).
The act and those regulations specify the legal units, pattern/type approval, verification, pre-packaged products, the sanction and the surveillance of measuring instruments.
1.1 Legal Requirements for Traceability
According Legal Metrology Act No.2, 1981 and Government Decree No. 2, 1989, the physical quantities must be traceable to national standard, which is determined by National Standardization Body.
- Government Decree No.2, 1985 concerning Measuring Instruments Subject to Verification;
- Government Decree No. 26, 1986 concerning Fee for Verification and Type/Pattern Approval;
- Government Decree No. 10, 1987 concerning Legal Units of Measurement;
- Government Decree No.2, 1989 concerning National Standards (Physical Quantities);
- President Decree No. 13,1997 concerning National Standardization Body (BSN).
The act and those regulations specify the legal units, pattern/type approval, verification, pre-packaged products, the sanction and the surveillance of measuring instruments.
1.1 Legal Requirements for Traceability
According Legal Metrology Act No.2, 1981 and Government Decree No. 2, 1989, the physical quantities must be traceable to national standard, which is determined by National Standardization Body.
2. Legal Units of Measurement
Legal Units in Indonesia is SI units. The Government Decree No.10, 1987 specifies the units into:
- Basic Units;
- Derived Units ;
- Supplementary units;
- Other units (other than SI units), which are approved and used along with SI units.
- Basic Units;
- Derived Units ;
- Supplementary units;
- Other units (other than SI units), which are approved and used along with SI units.
3. Structure of Metrological Control Authorities
3.1 National Organization for Legal Metrology
Directorate of Metrology
Directorate General Domestic Trade
Ministry of Industry and Trade
Jalan Pasteur No. 27 Bandung 4017
Telephone: 62-22-4203597
Fax: 62-22-4207035
Directorate of Metrology (DOM) has the responsibility for ensuring the measurements in public are in good order.
DOM represents Indonesia in OIML and other international legal metrology organization.
DOM publishes the Technical Regulation for the guidance of manufacturers, inspectors, importers of measuring instruments. The Technical Regulations are conformed with OIML Recommendations.
3.2 Custodian of National Standards
The Custodian of National Standard of Mass is Directorate of Metrology.
The Custodian of 5 other National Standards is:
Indonesian Science Institute, Research and Development of Calibration,
Instrumentation and Metrology Center.
Kompleks Puspiptek, Serpong, Tangerang 15314 Indonesia
Telephone: 62-21-7560533
Fax: 62-21-7560568
3.3 National Organization Responsible for Maintaining Primary Standards
Indonesian Primary Standards are maintained by Directorate of Metrology and Indonesian Science Institute. Those laboratories are coordinated by National Standardization Body according President Decree No. 13,1997.
3.4 Regional and Local Verification Organizations
Since the enforcement of Autonomy Law in 2000, the regional verification offices are under the administration of Regional Government. There are currently 54 regional verification offices throughout Indonesia which are responsible for the verification, reverification of measuring instruments subject to legal control, surveillance, diffusing of legal metrology activities and education of people concerning legal metrology in order to enhance the awareness of the importance of measurements in their daily life.
3.5 Instrument Calibration and Evaluation System
Directorate of Metrology maintains a testing and calibration laboratories for pattern/type approval of measuring instruments subject to legal control. There is not any other laboratories which conducts testing and calibration for pattern/type approval purposes.
National Accreditation Board (KAN) accredits testing and calibration laboratories for quality control purposes in industries. KAN represents Indonesia on International Laboratory Accreditation Conference (ILAC) and Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Conference (APLAC).
Directorate of Metrology
Directorate General Domestic Trade
Ministry of Industry and Trade
Jalan Pasteur No. 27 Bandung 4017
Telephone: 62-22-4203597
Fax: 62-22-4207035
Directorate of Metrology (DOM) has the responsibility for ensuring the measurements in public are in good order.
DOM represents Indonesia in OIML and other international legal metrology organization.
DOM publishes the Technical Regulation for the guidance of manufacturers, inspectors, importers of measuring instruments. The Technical Regulations are conformed with OIML Recommendations.
3.2 Custodian of National Standards
The Custodian of National Standard of Mass is Directorate of Metrology.
The Custodian of 5 other National Standards is:
Indonesian Science Institute, Research and Development of Calibration,
Instrumentation and Metrology Center.
Kompleks Puspiptek, Serpong, Tangerang 15314 Indonesia
Telephone: 62-21-7560533
Fax: 62-21-7560568
3.3 National Organization Responsible for Maintaining Primary Standards
Indonesian Primary Standards are maintained by Directorate of Metrology and Indonesian Science Institute. Those laboratories are coordinated by National Standardization Body according President Decree No. 13,1997.
3.4 Regional and Local Verification Organizations
Since the enforcement of Autonomy Law in 2000, the regional verification offices are under the administration of Regional Government. There are currently 54 regional verification offices throughout Indonesia which are responsible for the verification, reverification of measuring instruments subject to legal control, surveillance, diffusing of legal metrology activities and education of people concerning legal metrology in order to enhance the awareness of the importance of measurements in their daily life.
3.5 Instrument Calibration and Evaluation System
Directorate of Metrology maintains a testing and calibration laboratories for pattern/type approval of measuring instruments subject to legal control. There is not any other laboratories which conducts testing and calibration for pattern/type approval purposes.
National Accreditation Board (KAN) accredits testing and calibration laboratories for quality control purposes in industries. KAN represents Indonesia on International Laboratory Accreditation Conference (ILAC) and Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Conference (APLAC).
4. Range of Equipment Subject to Legal Metrology
According to Government Decree No. 2, 1985, the measuring instruments subject to legal metrology are the measuring instruments used for:
- Trade;
- Public service;
- Delivering or receiving commodities;
- Determining wages;
- Determining final products;
- Executing the government regulation.
Those measuring instruments must have pattern/type approval issued by DOM before they can be installed and verified.
- Trade;
- Public service;
- Delivering or receiving commodities;
- Determining wages;
- Determining final products;
- Executing the government regulation.
Those measuring instruments must have pattern/type approval issued by DOM before they can be installed and verified.
5. Type Approval
5.1 Legal and Technical Requirements for Type Approval
Directorate of Metrology is responsible for ensuring the design of measuring instruments meets the criteria, which is specified in the Technical Regulation. The Technical Regulation is conformed to the OIML recommendations and issued by DOM. After examining the measuring instruments, DOM issues the certificate of approval. The certificate is the primary indication for the inspectors that the measuring instruments have met the criteria of Technical Regulation therefore they can verify them.
The List of measuring instruments must be approved:
- Mass;
- Non-Automatic Weighing Instruments;
- Fixed Storage tank;
- Road tanker;
- Taxi meter;
- Flow meter for hydrocarbon;
- Water meter;
- Electricity Meter;
- Gas Meter;
- Length measuring instruments (line);
- Volume measuring instruments;
- Fuel Dispenser;
- Rice Moisture Tester;
5.2 Authority Responsible for Issuing Type Approval.
Directorate of Metrology
Jalan Pasteur No. 27 Bandung – 40171
5.3 Recognition / Acceptance of OIML Certificates
Up to now Indonesia has not yet recognized the OIML Certificates but we take it into consideration during the examination for type approval.
5.4 Authority Responsible for Testing for Type Approval
Directorate of Metrology
Jalan Pasteur No. 27 Bandung – 40171
5.5 List of Major Test Facilities Available
The principal testing facilities operated by Directorate of Metrology are :
- Force Comparator in the range of 100,000 kg.
- Flow meter testing for liquid hydrocarbon in the range of 10 L/min to 4000 L/min
- Length measuring instruments testing facilities up to 20 m
- Electricity Meter testing facilities
- Taxi meter testing facilities
- Volume measuring instruments testing facilities
- Climatic Chamber in the range of 0oC – 40oC
- Endurance Test For NAWI
- Fuel Dispenser Testing Facilities
5.6 Fee Structure
The fee of testing of measuring instruments for the type approval/pattern approval purpose is based on time basis. The time spent for testing varies for instruments. Fees are based on an hourly rate of Rp. 600/hour.
Directorate of Metrology is responsible for ensuring the design of measuring instruments meets the criteria, which is specified in the Technical Regulation. The Technical Regulation is conformed to the OIML recommendations and issued by DOM. After examining the measuring instruments, DOM issues the certificate of approval. The certificate is the primary indication for the inspectors that the measuring instruments have met the criteria of Technical Regulation therefore they can verify them.
The List of measuring instruments must be approved:
- Mass;
- Non-Automatic Weighing Instruments;
- Fixed Storage tank;
- Road tanker;
- Taxi meter;
- Flow meter for hydrocarbon;
- Water meter;
- Electricity Meter;
- Gas Meter;
- Length measuring instruments (line);
- Volume measuring instruments;
- Fuel Dispenser;
- Rice Moisture Tester;
5.2 Authority Responsible for Issuing Type Approval.
Directorate of Metrology
Jalan Pasteur No. 27 Bandung – 40171
5.3 Recognition / Acceptance of OIML Certificates
Up to now Indonesia has not yet recognized the OIML Certificates but we take it into consideration during the examination for type approval.
5.4 Authority Responsible for Testing for Type Approval
Directorate of Metrology
Jalan Pasteur No. 27 Bandung – 40171
5.5 List of Major Test Facilities Available
The principal testing facilities operated by Directorate of Metrology are :
- Force Comparator in the range of 100,000 kg.
- Flow meter testing for liquid hydrocarbon in the range of 10 L/min to 4000 L/min
- Length measuring instruments testing facilities up to 20 m
- Electricity Meter testing facilities
- Taxi meter testing facilities
- Volume measuring instruments testing facilities
- Climatic Chamber in the range of 0oC – 40oC
- Endurance Test For NAWI
- Fuel Dispenser Testing Facilities
5.6 Fee Structure
The fee of testing of measuring instruments for the type approval/pattern approval purpose is based on time basis. The time spent for testing varies for instruments. Fees are based on an hourly rate of Rp. 600/hour.
6. Verification (Conformity Assessment), Inspection and Reverification
6.1 Legal and Technical Requirements for Verification and Reverification.
Measuring instruments can only be verified after it has been approved by Directorate of Metrology. At the end of verification process, the inspectors will put the mark of the measuring instruments which meet the criteria specified on Technical Regulation.
The general requirements for verification, specified by Technical Regulation, are as follows:
- The instruments must have the errors within the maximum permissible errors (MPE).
- The instruments must have the certificate of pattern/type approval.
- The instruments must use the SI Units.
6.2 Range of Equipment Verified and Reverified and any Statistical Information Available.
The range of equipment verified and reverified is:
- Mass of classes M3 – E2
- Non-automatic weighing instruments
- Hopper weighing instruments
- Conveyor belt scale
- Flow meter other than water
- Fuel dispenser including LPG & CNG Dispenser
- Taxi meter
- Electricity meter
- Gas meter (diaphragm, turbine, PD, Orifice, Ultrasonic, Vortex)
- Length measuring instruments
- Volume measuring instruments (road tanker, storage tank)
- Rice moisture tester
The statistical information on measuring instruments verified by DOM and local verification offices in 2001 are as follows:
- Measuring instruments verified and reverified during 2001 are 6,107,323
- Measuring instruments found incorrect are 904,040 ( 14.8 % )
- Control of prepackaged products 3,740
6.3 Fee Structure
Fees for verification, reverification, pattern / type approval are uniform throughout the country. The fees are based on Government Decree No. 26, 1986.
Measuring instruments can only be verified after it has been approved by Directorate of Metrology. At the end of verification process, the inspectors will put the mark of the measuring instruments which meet the criteria specified on Technical Regulation.
The general requirements for verification, specified by Technical Regulation, are as follows:
- The instruments must have the errors within the maximum permissible errors (MPE).
- The instruments must have the certificate of pattern/type approval.
- The instruments must use the SI Units.
6.2 Range of Equipment Verified and Reverified and any Statistical Information Available.
The range of equipment verified and reverified is:
- Mass of classes M3 – E2
- Non-automatic weighing instruments
- Hopper weighing instruments
- Conveyor belt scale
- Flow meter other than water
- Fuel dispenser including LPG & CNG Dispenser
- Taxi meter
- Electricity meter
- Gas meter (diaphragm, turbine, PD, Orifice, Ultrasonic, Vortex)
- Length measuring instruments
- Volume measuring instruments (road tanker, storage tank)
- Rice moisture tester
The statistical information on measuring instruments verified by DOM and local verification offices in 2001 are as follows:
- Measuring instruments verified and reverified during 2001 are 6,107,323
- Measuring instruments found incorrect are 904,040 ( 14.8 % )
- Control of prepackaged products 3,740
6.3 Fee Structure
Fees for verification, reverification, pattern / type approval are uniform throughout the country. The fees are based on Government Decree No. 26, 1986.
7. Accreditation and Certification Systems
7.1 Accreditation systems for legal metrology, calibration and testing laboratories. Traceability to national, regional, international or foreign measurement standards.
There are two principal methods of disseminating standards which are traceable to the Indonesian primary standards. The first method is through National Accreditation Board (KAN) which concerned primarily with measurements of a technical/industrial metrology and the second method is through local verification offices which are responsible for verifying and reverifying measuring instruments subject to legal control. KAN organizes intercomparison among calibration and testing laboratories.
However, those methods are traceable to DOM for mass and Indonesia Science Institute for electric current, light, temperature, length and time.
Since the enforcement of Autonomy Law, we will introduce the accreditation system for legal metrology because there is no organizational link between DOM and local verification offices.
The accreditation will be introduced in the revised law of legal metrology in order to ensure the conformity and the credibility of measurements in local verification offices.
7.2 Legal and applied metrological activities in products certification
Product certification is provided by National Accreditation Board. Each product, which has been conformed to international standard will be certified and they can put SNI mark on their products. SNI is the abbreviation of Standard National Indonesia. (Indonesian National Standard) and mostly adopted from the international Standard such as ISO, IEC etc.
7.3 Legal and Applied Metrological Activities in ISO Quality Management System.
Indonesia has adopted the ISO 9000 Series and ISO 14000 Series as the national standards. Those standards have been published as the SNI 19-9000-2000 and ANI 19-14000-2000.
Quality certification to ISO 9000 is provided by private, semi government and government organization that are accredited by National Accreditation Board (KAN). There are currently 5 (five) organizations accredited.
There are two principal methods of disseminating standards which are traceable to the Indonesian primary standards. The first method is through National Accreditation Board (KAN) which concerned primarily with measurements of a technical/industrial metrology and the second method is through local verification offices which are responsible for verifying and reverifying measuring instruments subject to legal control. KAN organizes intercomparison among calibration and testing laboratories.
However, those methods are traceable to DOM for mass and Indonesia Science Institute for electric current, light, temperature, length and time.
Since the enforcement of Autonomy Law, we will introduce the accreditation system for legal metrology because there is no organizational link between DOM and local verification offices.
The accreditation will be introduced in the revised law of legal metrology in order to ensure the conformity and the credibility of measurements in local verification offices.
7.2 Legal and applied metrological activities in products certification
Product certification is provided by National Accreditation Board. Each product, which has been conformed to international standard will be certified and they can put SNI mark on their products. SNI is the abbreviation of Standard National Indonesia. (Indonesian National Standard) and mostly adopted from the international Standard such as ISO, IEC etc.
7.3 Legal and Applied Metrological Activities in ISO Quality Management System.
Indonesia has adopted the ISO 9000 Series and ISO 14000 Series as the national standards. Those standards have been published as the SNI 19-9000-2000 and ANI 19-14000-2000.
Quality certification to ISO 9000 is provided by private, semi government and government organization that are accredited by National Accreditation Board (KAN). There are currently 5 (five) organizations accredited.
8. Legal Metrology Practitioners
8.1 Numbers
There are 50 inspectors who are working in testing for type approval and verification in DOM and 900 inspectors are working as the same functions in 54 local verification offices.
8.2 Qualification / Training
The inspectors have been trained in Metrology Training Center, Bandung.
8.3 Training Organizations and Courses Organized
Metrology Training Center Conducts the Following courses:
- The inspectors’ course for the students who are recruited from graduates takes 10 months.
- The inspectors’ course from the students who are recruited from undergraduates takes 18 Months.
8.4 Range of functions
The graduates from the two courses principally have the same functions i.e:
- Verification of measuring instruments.
- Reverification.
- Testing in the frame of pattern/type approval.
- Surveillance of the measuring instruments.
However, the inspectors who are recruited from graduates have broader function i.e. the research and development for method of measurement verification or testing procedure for pattern/type approval.
There are 50 inspectors who are working in testing for type approval and verification in DOM and 900 inspectors are working as the same functions in 54 local verification offices.
8.2 Qualification / Training
The inspectors have been trained in Metrology Training Center, Bandung.
8.3 Training Organizations and Courses Organized
Metrology Training Center Conducts the Following courses:
- The inspectors’ course for the students who are recruited from graduates takes 10 months.
- The inspectors’ course from the students who are recruited from undergraduates takes 18 Months.
8.4 Range of functions
The graduates from the two courses principally have the same functions i.e:
- Verification of measuring instruments.
- Reverification.
- Testing in the frame of pattern/type approval.
- Surveillance of the measuring instruments.
However, the inspectors who are recruited from graduates have broader function i.e. the research and development for method of measurement verification or testing procedure for pattern/type approval.
9. Packaging
9.1 Legislative Control for packaging
The legal Metrology Law No.2, 1981 is the basic regulation for packaging. The detail requirements are specified in Technical Regulation, which is issued by DOM. The Technical Regulation is based mostly on International Recommendation of OIML i.e. R 79 and R 87.
9.2 Organizations responsible
The DOM and its local verification offices have the responsibility for implementing the Technical Regulation concerning packaging.
The legal Metrology Law No.2, 1981 is the basic regulation for packaging. The detail requirements are specified in Technical Regulation, which is issued by DOM. The Technical Regulation is based mostly on International Recommendation of OIML i.e. R 79 and R 87.
9.2 Organizations responsible
The DOM and its local verification offices have the responsibility for implementing the Technical Regulation concerning packaging.
10. Sanctions
Under the Law on Legal Metrology 1981:
Article 32:
- Anyone doing any of the conducts referred to in Articles 25, 26, 27 and 28 of this Law shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum of 1 (one) year and/or fined to pay a maximum amount of Rp. 1.000.000,- (one million rupiahs).
- Anyone doing any of the conducts referred to in Article 30 and 31 of this Law shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum term of 6 (six) months and/or fined to pay a maximum amount of Rp. 500.000,- (five hundred thousand rupiahs).
- A violation against any of the provisions stipulated in Articles 22, 23 and points (1) and (3) of Article 29 of this Law shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum term of 6 (six) months and/or fined to pay a maximum amount of Rp. 500.000,- (five hundred thousand rupiahs).
Article 33:
- The conducts referred to in points (1) and (2) of article 32 criminal offences.
- The conduct referred to in points (3) of Article 32 are violation against statutory regulations.
- Any goods which are an evidence of a criminal offence and/or a violations against regulation may be held for the Government’s interest.
Article 34:
(1) If a criminal offence of a violation against statutory regulations which is indictable under this law is done by a natural person, charges and/or punishment shall be made against/or to:
- its members of the board of management, if the legal person is a company;
- its active partners, if the legal person is a firm / partnership;
- its members of the board of management, if the legal person is a foundation/institute/non-profit making body;
- its representative or agent in Indonesia, if its head office is located outside the territory of the Republic of Indonesia.
(2) A conduct referred to in point (1) of this Article shall be included in all conducts done by the legal person’s management members, employees of agents which are working/acting for and on behalf of the legal person concerned.
(3) If a person referred to in (a), (b), (c) and (d) of point (1) above of this Article is found not guilty in the conducts, the charges and punishment shall be made against, and to those who lead to commit, ask others to commit or due to their fault, has caused such a criminal offence or violation against statutory regulations.
(4) If the conduct of anyone referred to in point (2) of this Article arises any financial obligation, such and obligation shall become the responsibility of the natural person concerned.
(5) If the conduct referred to in point (1) of this Article is done by other natural person who is acting for and on behalf of the natural person concerned, the provisions of in (a), (b), (c) and (d) of point (1) above of this Article shall also be applicable to the other natural person.
Article 35:
- Any instruments for measuring dimension and content and of weight, which is held but not confiscated shall not be returned to the rightful owner before, for his/her/its account, such an instrument being calibrated or recalibrated.
- Confiscation shall be done in compliance with the rules under the applicable Rules of Criminal Procedure.
Article 32:
- Anyone doing any of the conducts referred to in Articles 25, 26, 27 and 28 of this Law shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum of 1 (one) year and/or fined to pay a maximum amount of Rp. 1.000.000,- (one million rupiahs).
- Anyone doing any of the conducts referred to in Article 30 and 31 of this Law shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum term of 6 (six) months and/or fined to pay a maximum amount of Rp. 500.000,- (five hundred thousand rupiahs).
- A violation against any of the provisions stipulated in Articles 22, 23 and points (1) and (3) of Article 29 of this Law shall be sentenced to imprisonment for a maximum term of 6 (six) months and/or fined to pay a maximum amount of Rp. 500.000,- (five hundred thousand rupiahs).
Article 33:
- The conducts referred to in points (1) and (2) of article 32 criminal offences.
- The conduct referred to in points (3) of Article 32 are violation against statutory regulations.
- Any goods which are an evidence of a criminal offence and/or a violations against regulation may be held for the Government’s interest.
Article 34:
(1) If a criminal offence of a violation against statutory regulations which is indictable under this law is done by a natural person, charges and/or punishment shall be made against/or to:
- its members of the board of management, if the legal person is a company;
- its active partners, if the legal person is a firm / partnership;
- its members of the board of management, if the legal person is a foundation/institute/non-profit making body;
- its representative or agent in Indonesia, if its head office is located outside the territory of the Republic of Indonesia.
(2) A conduct referred to in point (1) of this Article shall be included in all conducts done by the legal person’s management members, employees of agents which are working/acting for and on behalf of the legal person concerned.
(3) If a person referred to in (a), (b), (c) and (d) of point (1) above of this Article is found not guilty in the conducts, the charges and punishment shall be made against, and to those who lead to commit, ask others to commit or due to their fault, has caused such a criminal offence or violation against statutory regulations.
(4) If the conduct of anyone referred to in point (2) of this Article arises any financial obligation, such and obligation shall become the responsibility of the natural person concerned.
(5) If the conduct referred to in point (1) of this Article is done by other natural person who is acting for and on behalf of the natural person concerned, the provisions of in (a), (b), (c) and (d) of point (1) above of this Article shall also be applicable to the other natural person.
Article 35:
- Any instruments for measuring dimension and content and of weight, which is held but not confiscated shall not be returned to the rightful owner before, for his/her/its account, such an instrument being calibrated or recalibrated.
- Confiscation shall be done in compliance with the rules under the applicable Rules of Criminal Procedure.